On December 17, 2024, the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) released its report on the connections between biodiversity, water, food, and health, known as the Nexus Report.

- According to the report, pollution is a major cause of the damage to biodiversity, water quality, and human health.

- The report identifies five key areas (called 'nexus elements'): biodiversity, water, food, health, and climate change. It explains that these areas are all linked, affect each other, and have combined consequences.

Main Point :-

(i) The report shows that for the past 30 to 50 years, all the indicators studied show a decline in biodiversity by 2 to 6% every decade.

(ii) According to the report, the funding gap to meet biodiversity goals is between USD 300 billion and USD 1 trillion per year. Additionally, to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) related to water, food, health, and climate change, an extra USD 4 trillion is needed annually.