New Narrow-Banded Rain Snake Smithophis leptofasciatus Discovered in Mizoram, Expanding Genus Smithophis to Five Species.

Environment

In August 2025, researchers from Mizoram University in collaboration with the Guwahati-based biodiversity conservation group Help Earth discovered a new species of narrow-banded rain snake named Smithophis leptofasciatus in Mizoram. The discovery, published in Taprobanica: The Journal of Asian Biodiversity, increases the total known species in the genus Smithophis to five, highlighting the rich herpetofaunal diversity of the region.


      - The newly identified snake, Smithophis leptofasciatus, is visually distinct with its glossy black body marked by narrow, incomplete transverse bands that range in color from creamish-white to yellowish-lime. These unique markings set it apart from other species within the Smithophis genus.

      - This species inhabits elevated montane forests in Mizoram at altitudes between 900 and 1,200 meters. It prefers areas near streams and dense leaf litter, adapting well to a semi-aquatic and nocturnal lifestyle. Its habitat choice reflects the ecological niche it occupies in this region.

      - The diet of Smithophis leptofasciatus primarily consists of earthworms, supporting its role in the forest ecosystem. Captive observations noted a gravid female laying six leathery eggs, providing valuable insight into its reproductive biology.

Main Point :-   (i) Previously, Smithophis leptofasciatus was mistaken for the closely related species Smithophis bicolor. However, through genetic analysis, researchers Aconfirmed its status as a unique species, emphasizing the importance of molecular techniques in modern taxonomy.

      (ii) This discovery marks the third species of the Smithophis genus recorded in Mizoram, following Smithophis atemporalis and Smithophis mizoramensis. It further underscores Mizoram's significance as a biodiversity hotspot and the need for continued conservation efforts in the region.


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