Nidhi companies are governed by the MCA under the Companies Act. However, the RBI has powers to issue directions regarding their deposit acceptance activities to protect depositors.

BRBNMPL was established by RBI in 1995 to manage the currency note printing presses at Mysore and Salboni.

The **SEBI Act, 1992** provides the statutory framework for the establishment, powers, and functions of the Securities and Exchange Board of India. It explicitly mandates SEBI to protect the interests of investors in securities, promote the development of the securities market, and regulate it to ensure market integrity, transparency, and fair practices.

The **Reserve Bank of India (RBI)** is the sole authority vested with the power to grant licenses for commencing banking business in India. This power is derived from **Section 22 of the Banking Regulation Act, 1949**. No company can carry on banking business in India without a license issued by the RBI, ensuring strict regulatory oversight.

The **Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India (IRDAI)** is the statutory body formed under the IRDA Act, 1999. Its preamble explicitly states its mission: "to protect the interests of the holders of insurance policies, to regulate, promote and ensure **orderly growth of the insurance industry**." It covers life, non-life, and health insurance sectors.

Although the Pension Fund Regulatory and Development Authority (PFRDA) was initially established through an executive order in 2003 to oversee the National Pension System (NPS), it received its full **statutory status** and legal powers only after the passage of the **PFRDA Act, 2013**. This Act empowers PFRDA to regulate, promote, and ensure the orderly growth of the National Pension System.

The **Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI)** is the designated regulator for the **Capital Market** (Securities Market). Its statutory mandate includes three key objectives: to protect the interests of investors in securities, to promote the development of the securities market, and to regulate the securities market to ensure it functions in an orderly and healthy manner.

While the RBI sets KYC/AML guidelines and FIU-IND analyzes suspicious transactions, the **Directorate of Enforcement (ED)** is the specialized financial investigation agency under the Ministry of Finance. It has the primary statutory power to investigate and prosecute cases of Money Laundering under the **Prevention of Money Laundering Act (PMLA), 2002**, including the attachment and confiscation of property derived from crime.

IFSCA is a unified authority established to regulate all financial services in International Financial Services Centres (IFSCs) in India. Prior to its establishment, domestic regulators like RBI, SEBI, PFRDA, and IRDAI regulated business in IFSCs. The first IFSC in India has been set up at GIFT City, Gandhinagar, Gujarat.

NaBFID was established by an Act of Parliament in 2021 as a specialized Development Financial Institution (DFI) to support the country's infrastructure sector, bridging the gap for long-term non-recourse finance.

Basel III is a global regulatory framework that mandates banks to maintain higher capital (CAR), leverage ratios, and liquidity (LCR/NSFR) to withstand financial stress and prevent systemic failure.

A Regulatory Sandbox allows FinTech companies to test innovative products with real customers under regulatory supervision but with some relaxed norms for a limited period.

To attract global financial institutions, the government provides a 100% income tax holiday for 10 consecutive years out of a block of 15 years for units in IFSC.

While the FSDC is chaired by the Finance Minister, its Sub-Committee, which handles operational coordination, is chaired by the RBI Governor.